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• The names kinetic, chemical, thermal/internal, gravitational potential and elastic potential.
• A system can be an object or a group of interacting objects.

Qualitative store changes and transfer pathways within these specification points. Both courses and tiers use the same selection. No energy-equation calculations are assigned.

AQA 8463: 4.1.1.1
AQA 8464: 6.1.1.1

• Pupils have met stores, transfer pathways, conservation and system boundaries; this is consolidation.
• Add/subtract energy values in joules and distinguish named objects/stores.

Both courses and tiers: conservation, complete energy accounts, task-dependent usefulness, dissipation and specified system boundaries. No efficiency ratios, energy-equation calculations or practical completion are assigned.

AQA 8463: 4.1.2.1
AQA 8464: 6.1.2.1

• Pupils have met kinetic and gravitational potential energy, their equations and basic rearrangement.
• Use a calculator to square/take a square root; convert grams to kg and identify vertical rise.

Both courses and tiers: kinetic/GPE calculations, comparisons, supplied g, units and rearrangements. Excludes spring, work-done and power calculations.

AQA 8463: 4.1.1.2
AQA 8464: 6.1.1.2

• Pupils have met power as energy/work per time and simple equation rearrangements.
• Use kW-to-W and minute-to-second conversions and distinguish useful work from total input.

Both courses and tiers: P=E/t=W/t, E=Pt and t=E/P; rate versus amount, SI conversions and matching input/useful labels. GPE results supplied; no efficiency calculation or Higher-only improvement task.

AQA 8463: 4.1.1.4
AQA 8464: 6.1.1.4

• Interpret a supply, fixed-resistor and switch symbol, and trace a complete circuit path.
• Distinguish current (A), potential difference (V) and resistance (Ω). Use V = IR with a fixed resistor.

Series and parallel rules, fixed-resistor calculations and complete-path fault explanations. Both courses and tiers use the same selection. Parallel equivalent-resistance calculations, mixed circuits and practical-method questions are excluded.

AQA 8463: 4.2.2
AQA 8464: 6.2.2

• Multiply three perpendicular dimensions to find a cuboid volume.
• Use a calculator, convert grams and kilograms, and interpret a ratio.

Density, mass and volume calculations, cubic-unit conversions and comparisons of uniform samples. Both courses and tiers use the same selection. Detailed measurement methods, displacement, particle-state comparisons and practical completion are reserved for other lessons.

AQA 8463: 4.3.1.1
AQA 8464: 6.3.1.1

• Have met half-life, radioactive decay and count-rate graphs; this consolidates prior teaching.
• Read graph axes, halve values, subtract times and convert hours to minutes. Higher pupils have met ratios.

Both courses: shared half-life/graph work, random individual decay and supplied-background correction. Foundation uses pupil page 7; Higher uses page 8 instead for remaining/decrease ratios. One tier page only. No hazard comparison, background-origin recall or practical completion is assigned.

AQA 8463: 4.4.2.3
AQA 8464: 6.4.2.3

• Pupils have met work done, force directions, balanced forces and thermal energy stores.
• Multiply/divide and rearrange a two-factor equation; convert centimetres to metres.

Both courses and tiers: work by a constant named force, distance along its line of action, units, rearrangement and frictional energy transfer. Supplied GPE result; no mgh, spring or trigonometric calculations.

AQA 8463: 4.5.2
AQA 8464: 6.5.2

• Use a calculator and convert minutes to seconds.
• Read coordinates and labelled axes; pupils have already met distance-time graphs.

Speed/time calculations, straight-line distance-time gradients, stationary intervals, graph construction and whole-journey average speed. Both courses and tiers use this selection. Tangents, velocity-time areas and practical completion are excluded.

AQA 8463: 4.5.6.1.1, 4.5.6.1.2, 4.5.6.1.4
AQA 8464: 6.5.4.1.1, 6.5.4.1.2, 6.5.4.1.4

• Pupils have met velocity-time graphs, acceleration and v²-u²=2as; this is consolidation.
• Subtract signed values, square a number and use a calculator square-root key.

Both courses and tiers: velocity/direction, straight velocity-time gradients, descriptions and the uniform-acceleration equation. No velocity-time areas, distance-time tangents, circular-motion or terminal-velocity/force extensions are assigned.

AQA 8463: 4.5.6.1.3, 4.5.6.1.5
AQA 8464: 6.5.4.1.3, 6.5.4.1.5

• Pupils have met wave types, displacement graphs and frequency/period; this is consolidation.
• Read labelled axes and perform simple division.

Both courses and tiers: wave/particle directions, local oscillation and energy transfer, amplitude/wavelength/period/frequency and labelled models. Stationary-wave formation, practical methods and sound boundaries are excluded.

AQA 8463: 4.6.1.1, 4.6.1.2
AQA 8464: 6.6.1.1, 6.6.1.2

• Use a calculator, simple division and multiplication, and convert centimetres to metres.
• Have met wave quantities, displacement graphs and the wave equation; this lesson consolidates prior teaching.

Both courses and tiers: wave quantities, v = fλ and rearrangements, SI conversion, period/frequency, graph axes and fixed-speed predictions. The buoy comparison clarifies the meaning of wave speed. Practical methods and Separate-only sound-boundary work are excluded.

AQA 8463: 4.6.1.2
AQA 8464: 6.6.1.2