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55 ideas · 69 connections
Velocity graphs reveal momentum changes Gradients and areas connect motion to data analysis Velocity changes connect to momentum conservation A force–time graph measures impulse Momentum determines a particle’s wavelength A straight-line graph reveals a source’s properties Compare a result with evidence, not just an accepted number A spring experiment tests both a model and a gradient Newton’s laws and momentum3.5 Analysing1.1.3 Evaluating1.1.4 Kinematics3.1.1 Newton’s laws of motion3.5.1 Collisions3.5.2 Internal resistance4.3.2 Wave–particle duality4.5.3 Force–extension graphs
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A force–time graph measures impulse

OCR A AS Physics · Two ideas, one explanation

The area under a resultant force–time graph is the change in momentum. A longer collision time can reduce average force for the same momentum change.

Impulse = area under F–t = Δp

Follow the reasoning

  1. Convert the time axis to seconds.
  2. Estimate the signed area under the force curve.
  3. Relate the impulse to the change in momentum.
Specification outcomes (4)
  • 3.5.1(d) Define impulse of a force; impulse = FΔt.
  • 3.5.1(e) Recognise impulse as the area under a force–time graph and estimate for non-linear graphs.
  • 1.1.3(a) Processing, analysing and interpreting qualitative and quantitative experimental results.
  • 1.1.3(b) Use of appropriate mathematical skills for analysis of quantitative data.
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H156 v2.0 · May 2026

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