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A2 Daily A Level Physics question

2026-02-28 OCR A Quantum III: stopping potential OCR-A Module 4.3.1 Photoelectric effect: threshold frequency and stopping potential OCR-A Module 1.1 Practical skills: planning and interpreting I–V measurements in a photocell

In a clean vacuum photocell illuminated by monochromatic light, the measured stopping potential is exactly zero. Which statement must be true?

  1. A The light frequency equals the metal’s threshold frequency. (correct)
  2. B The light intensity is so low that emitted electrons have essentially no kinetic energy.
  3. C The cathode–anode gap is too small for a retarding field to stop the electrons.
  4. D The light frequency is below the threshold, so electrons are not emitted.

Answer

The correct answer is A.

Correct: A — The light frequency equals the metal’s threshold frequency. A zero stopping potential means the fastest emitted electrons have zero kinetic energy at the surface, which occurs exactly at the threshold frequency (photon energy just equals the work function). A — This corresponds to zero maximum kinetic energy, so no retarding voltage is needed. B — Intensity controls the rate of emission, not the energy per electron, so it does not set the stopping potential. C — Electrode spacing does not determine the required stopping potential; it depends on the electrons’ maximum kinetic energy, not geometry. D — Below threshold there is no photoemission, so the stopping potential is not defined rather than being exactly zero.