Thermal Laws Particle Model

Adjust a gas container and watch particle speed, density and wall impacts change while the ideal gas and kinetic theory equations stay linked.

Gas-law constraint solve pressure

Temperature T 300 K

Pressure p -

Volume V 1.00 m^3

Amount n 1.00 mol

Molar mass 28 g mol^-1

Pressure p-

Volume V-

Temperature T-

Amount n-

Particles N-

c_rms-

Mean KE per particle-

Total KE-

cooler, slower particles hotter, faster particles wall impacts create pressure

Equation Links

Ideal gas law pV = - Pressure times volume.

Mole form nRT = - R = 8.314 J mol^-1 K^-1.

Particle form NkT = - N = nN_A and k = R/N_A.

Kinetic model 1/3 Nmc^2 = - Here c is c_rms, so c^2 is mean square speed.

Use the current readings to calculate the linked quantities. Tolerance is 5 percent.

pressure / kPa

pV / J

c_rms / m s^-1

total KE / J

Remember: pV = nRT = NkT and pV = (1/3)Nmc_rms^2. Total translational KE = (3/2)NkT.